{"id":1397,"date":"2025-05-17T20:07:17","date_gmt":"2025-05-17T20:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/latinzona.hu\/?p=1397"},"modified":"2025-05-17T20:07:18","modified_gmt":"2025-05-17T20:07:18","slug":"omlik-a-chilei-litium-kinaba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/latinzona.hu\/index.php\/2025\/05\/17\/omlik-a-chilei-litium-kinaba\/","title":{"rendered":"A chilei l\u00edtium legink\u00e1bb K\u00edn\u00e1ba megy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A chilei k\u00fcl\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium friss jelent\u00e9se szerint a chilei l\u00edtium 71%-\u00e1t K\u00edn\u00e1ba export\u00e1lj\u00e1k, m\u00edg 4,1%-\u00e1t az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokba<\/strong>. A termel\u00e9s az elm\u00falt \u00f6t \u00e9vben \u00e9vente 29%-kal n\u0151tt. Ausztr\u00e1lia a legnagyobb l\u00edtium-export\u0151r a vil\u00e1gon, de Chile vezeti a vil\u00e1got a finom\u00edtott l\u00edtium exportj\u00e1ban, a teljes mennyis\u00e9g 42%-\u00e1val. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ez a harmadik jelent\u00e9s a t\u00e9m\u00e1ban<\/a> – \u00e9vente egy -, \u00e9s elemzi a chilei gazdas\u00e1g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra egyre fontosabb\u00e1 v\u00e1l\u00f3 ipar\u00e1g f\u0151bb tendenci\u00e1it \u00e9s v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sait. 2024-ben a chilei l\u00edtiumexport 2,895 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt tett ki. \u00c9s a teljes export 3%-\u00e1t k\u00e9pviselte, szemben az el\u0151z\u0151 \u00e9vi 8%-kal. A 2021-es \u00e9vben ez az ar\u00e1ny mind\u00f6ssze 1% volt. A tavalyi visszaes\u00e9s az \u00e1res\u00e9snek volt k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151, amely 57%-kal cs\u00f6kkentette a bev\u00e9telt. De ugyanez nem vonatkozott a mennyis\u00e9gre. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A chile l\u00edtium komoly mennyis\u00e9gben \u00e1ramlik K\u00edn\u00e1ba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A miniszt\u00e9rium elemz\u00e9se szerint Chile 2024-ben rekordmennyis\u00e9g\u0171, 314000 tonna l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t-egyen\u00e9rt\u00e9ket export\u00e1lt, 26%-kal t\u00f6bbet, mint 2023-ban. \u00c9s az elm\u00falt \u00f6t \u00e9vben, 2020-t\u00f3l kezdve \u00e9vente \u00e1tlagosan 29%-os, leny\u0171g\u00f6z\u0151 n\u00f6veked\u00e9st mutatott. 2024-ben a legnagyobb l\u00edtiumtermel\u0151k Ausztr\u00e1lia, Chile, K\u00edna \u00e9s Argent\u00edna voltak. K\u00edna kulcsszerepet j\u00e1tszik a glob\u00e1lis termel\u00e9sben<\/strong>. Nemcsak mint export\u0151r, els\u0151sorban a l\u00edtium-hidroxid export\u0151re, hanem mint a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szott \u00e9s finom\u00edtott l\u00edtium jelent\u0151s fogyaszt\u00f3ja is. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nagy vonalakban Ausztr\u00e1lia tov\u00e1bbra is glob\u00e1lis vezet\u0151 szerepet t\u00f6lt be, a glob\u00e1lis l\u00edtiumexport 37%-\u00e1t adja, szemben a 2023-as 45%-kal. Ez az orsz\u00e1g 3,209 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1r \u00e9rt\u00e9kben export\u00e1lt. Sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sai azonban els\u0151sorban spomud\u00e9nb\u0151l, feldolgozatlan kem\u00e9ny k\u0151zetb\u0151l kinyert l\u00edtiumkoncentr\u00e1tumb\u00f3l \u00e1lltak. Chile 21%-os piaci r\u00e9szesed\u00e9ssel z\u00e1rta a 2024-es \u00e9vet, egy sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kponttal magasabbal, mint az el\u0151z\u0151 \u00e9vben. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00edna 17%-os, Zimbabwe 9%-os, Argent\u00edna pedig egy \u00e9v alatt megdupl\u00e1zta r\u00e9szesed\u00e9s\u00e9t, 4%-r\u00f3l 8%-ra. A sz\u00e1mok azonban megv\u00e1ltoznak, ha figyelembe vessz\u00fck a bizonyos fok\u00fa feldolgoz\u00e1st ig\u00e9nyl\u0151 l\u00edtium exportj\u00e1t.<\/strong> Mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t \u00e9s -hidroxid, ahol Chile glob\u00e1lisan a f\u0151szerepl\u0151v\u00e9 poz\u00edcion\u00e1lta mag\u00e1t. 2024-ben az orsz\u00e1g a teljes export 42%-\u00e1t adja, 2,877 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1r \u00e9rt\u00e9kben, majd K\u00edna (33%) \u00e9s Argent\u00edna (15%) k\u00f6vetkezik. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bizonyos l\u00edtiumb\u00f3l Chile vil\u00e1gels\u0151<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t (Li2CO3) \u00e9s a l\u00edtium-hidroxid (LiOH) k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 k\u00e9plet\u0171, elt\u00e9r\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1si m\u00f3dokkal rendelkezik. A l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1tot az elektronik\u00e1ban, a ker\u00e1mi\u00e1ban, a koh\u00e1szatban \u00e9s az \u00fcveggy\u00e1rt\u00e1sban haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k, de f\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1si ter\u00fclete a l\u00edtium-ion akkumul\u00e1torok kat\u00f3danyaga.<\/strong> A karbon\u00e1tb\u00f3l el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtott hidroxidot els\u0151sorban ken\u0151zs\u00edrok gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s\u00e1ra, valamint akkumul\u00e1torok \u00e9s fest\u00e9kek el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k. A l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t ter\u00e9n Chile \u00e1llt az \u00e9len 2,627 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1ros sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1ssal, ami a vil\u00e1g kivitel\u00e9nek 65%-\u00e1nak felel meg, \u0151t k\u00f6vette Argent\u00edna 25%-os r\u00e9szesed\u00e9ssel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t s\u00falya \u00f3ri\u00e1si a chilei termel\u00e9sben: a l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t kivitel 89%-\u00e1t tette ki. Egy \u00e9vvel kor\u00e1bban ez az ar\u00e1ny 75% volt. A l\u00edtium-hidroxidban viszont K\u00edna vezeti a vil\u00e1granglist\u00e1t, a teljes mennyis\u00e9g 78%-\u00e1val. Chile k\u00f6vetkezik 9%-kal. A k\u00e9t term\u00e9k \u00e1ra 2024-ben hasonl\u00f3 volt: m\u00edg a karbon\u00e1tot \u00e1tlagosan 11049 USD\/tonna \u00e9rt\u00e9kben export\u00e1lt\u00e1k Chil\u00e9b\u0151l, addig a hidroxidot 11 398 USD\/tonna \u00e9rt\u00e9kben. Mindk\u00e9t term\u00e9k \u00e1ra cs\u00f6kkent, de a hidroxid\u00e9 sokkal ink\u00e1bb, hiszen 2023-ban majdnem k\u00e9tszeres \u00e1ron adt\u00e1k el: 43 029 USD\/tonna, m\u00edg a l\u00edtium-karbon\u00e1t\u00e9 26 410 USD\/1000 kilogrammonk\u00e9nt. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A chilei l\u00edtium f\u0151 v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00f3ja tov\u00e1bbra is K\u00edna, \u00e9s tov\u00e1bb n\u00f6velte el\u0151ny\u00e9t. 2024-ben a Chil\u00e9b\u0151l k\u00fclf\u00f6ldre k\u00fcld\u00f6tt l\u00edtium 71%-\u00e1t ide sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott\u00e1k, 2023-ban m\u00e9g 60%-\u00e1t. Az \u00f6sszeg azonban az \u00e1res\u00e9s miatt 4007 milli\u00f3 doll\u00e1rr\u00f3l 2057 milli\u00f3 doll\u00e1rra cs\u00f6kkent. A m\u00e1sodik c\u00e9lorsz\u00e1g tov\u00e1bbra is D\u00e9l-Korea maradt, 15%-kal, az el\u0151z\u0151 \u00e9vi 28%-r\u00f3l. Mindk\u00e9t orsz\u00e1g a l\u00edtium akkumul\u00e1torok f\u0151 gy\u00e1rt\u00f3ja a vil\u00e1gon. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ezzel szemben az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok a chilei l\u00edtiumsz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok mind\u00f6ssze 4,1%-\u00e1t, 2023-ban pedig alig t\u00f6bb mint 2,7%-\u00e1t szerezte meg. Ez a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g aggodalmat keltett az amerikai hat\u00f3s\u00e1gok k\u00f6r\u00e9ben, akik rendk\u00edv\u00fcli v\u00e1mok kivet\u00e9s\u00e9t fontolgatj\u00e1k a l\u00edtiumra. \u00c9s a r\u00e9zre<\/a>. Brandon Judd, az \u00faj chilei nagyk\u00f6vetjel\u00f6lt \u00e1prilisban az amerikai kongresszus el\u0151tt tartott el\u0151ad\u00e1s\u00e1ban megjegyezte, hogy a chilei l\u00edtium 71%-a K\u00edn\u00e1ba megy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A chilei k\u00fcl\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium friss jelent\u00e9se szerint a chilei l\u00edtium 71%-\u00e1t K\u00edn\u00e1ba export\u00e1lj\u00e1k, m\u00edg 4,1%-\u00e1t az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokba. A termel\u00e9s az elm\u00falt \u00f6t \u00e9vben \u00e9vente 29%-kal […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1398,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[27],"tags":[28],"yoast_head":"\nA chilei l\u00edtium legink\u00e1bb K\u00edn\u00e1ba megy - Latin Z\u00f3na<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00d6mlik a chilei l\u00edtium K\u00edn\u00e1ba \u00e9s ez elkezdte aggasztani az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokat is, amely alig vesz l\u00edtiumot Chil\u00e9b\u0151l.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/latinzona.hu\/index.php\/2025\/05\/17\/omlik-a-chilei-litium-kinaba\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A chilei l\u00edtium legink\u00e1bb K\u00edn\u00e1ba megy - 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